the pH scale:

The pH scale is a measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most alkaline. A pH of 7 is considered neutral. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning that a change of one unit represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity .

The pH scale was first introduced by Danish chemist Søren Peder Lauritz Sørensen in 1909 . It is used in many fields such as chemistry, biology, environmental science, and medicine.

Acids are substances that have a pH value less than 7. They are sour in taste and can cause burns on skin and eyes. Examples of acids include vinegar (pH 2.5), lemon juice (pH 2), and hydrochloric acid (pH 1) .

Bases are substances that have a pH value greater than 7. They are bitter in taste and can cause skin irritation. Examples of bases include baking soda (pH 8.3), milk of magnesia (pH 10.5), and bleach (pH 12) .

The pH scale is important because it helps us understand how acidic or basic a solution is. This information can be used to determine whether a solution is safe to use or not.

Here are some websites that discuss the pH scale:

1. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zn6hvcw/articles/z38bbqt
2. https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/ph-scale
3. https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_%28Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry%29/Acids_and_Bases/Acids_and_Bases_in_Aqueous_Solutions/The_pH_Scale
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH
5. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/water-acids-and-bases/acids-bases-and-ph/a/acids-bases-ph-and-bufffers

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